Standard Test Method for Breaking Force and Elongation of Textile Fabrics (Strip Method)
APP-D5035For woven fabrics, cut the specimen over-sized and ravel exactly down to the target 25mm or 50mm width to secure intact edge boundaries.
Challenge & Testing Gap
Edge fraying and unweaving during the crosshead stroke narrow the effective test cross-section, causing artificially low breaking force data.
The Solution
Utilize specialized raveling techniques on specimen margins combined with wide pneumatic grips that span the full coupon width.
Mechanics & Specimen Behavior
Primary Mechanics
Axial tensile pulling applied uniformly across the entire width of a prepared fabric strip until complete material fracture.
Specimen Details
Rectangular fabric strip configured as either a Raveled Strip (woven fabrics) or a Cut Strip (knitted or coated non-woven panels).
Mechanical Ratios & Properties
Standard strip widths are precisely managed at 25mm or 50mm, with an initial machine gauge length configured to 75mm or 200mm.
Expert Engineering Commentary
Core Problem Identification
Specimen slippage within the jaw faces or premature tearing at the clamp interface lines caused by aggressive serrated surfaces.
Root Cause Analysis
Failing to ravel exactly the same number of yarn strands from both lateral edges, resulting in an asymmetrical tensile loading core.
Hardware Specific Solutions
Pneumatic parallel-action grips equipped with 50mm x 75mm smooth rubber or fine-pitch wave jaw inserts.
Analysis & Calculation Standards
Event & Failure Detection
Pre-tension threshold auto-zeroing followed by automated macro-break force capture at sudden load collapse.
Required Calculations
Breaking Force (expressed in N or lbf), Elongation at Break, Nominal Tensile Modulus, and Peak Energy Capacity.
Statistical Outputs
Warp and filling lot averages, standard deviation profiling, and coefficient of variation summaries across 5-specimen test blocks.
High-precision data core monitors initial thread alignment changes and registers the ultimate break profile at 1000Hz without lag.
Additional Commentary
Pneumatic jaw actuation delivers uniform holding pressure across the entire fabric width, eliminating localized loose yarn paths.
Ensure the jaw faces are wider than the fabric strip being tested to prevent out-of-plane material bunching or curling.
Common Pitfalls
Executing a cut strip test on a loose, highly ravelable woven fabric without securing the edge boundaries, causing unraveling error.