Document ID: APP-E643
Public Compliance Release

ASTM E643 Test Guide: Formability Testing for Metals

Architecture
NEWTON™ 32-BIT

Application Details

Standard:
ASTM E643
Material Type:
Metals
Specimen Type:
Test Type:
Formability
Industry:
Automotive
Mechanicaltest.org | Applications

The Challenge Gap

Insufficient or non-uniform blank clamping forces allow the sheet metal to draw into the die cavity, converting a pure stretch-forming test into a mixed drawing event and artificially inflating dome height metrics.

The Solution

Utilize a precision hydraulic stretch-forming sub-press assembly with a calibrated blank-holder ring and a polished, hemispherical ball penetrator.

Insight

Always apply a standardized, high-pressure grease lubricant uniformly to the punch apex to guarantee pure, friction-free stretch-forming dynamics.

Required Test Equipment for ASTM E643

Software

Driven by the Newton N-E643 software module to compute the ball punch deformation properties of metallic sheet materials, evaluating localized ductility and biaxial stretching limits.

Grips/Fixtures

Includes an Olsen or Erichsen ball punch deformation cup fixture equipped with a 20 mm spherical steel ball plunger and a high-stiffness sheet clamping die.

Extensometer

Equipped with an integrated direct-contact digital deflectometer or precision linear encoder tracking absolute cup depth up to localized specimen fracture.

Insight

Always apply a standardized, high-pressure grease lubricant uniformly to the punch apex to guarantee pure, friction-free stretch-forming dynamics.

The Newton Advantage

High-velocity telemetry capture logging punch force vs. travel depth at 1000Hz to catch the exact micro-second of peak-load ductile tearing.

Expert Engineering Commentary

Core Problem Identification

Frictional stick-slip anomalies between the punch surface and the sheet face, which shifts the fracture initiation zone away from the apex.

Root Cause Analysis

Inadequate lubrication on the penetrator tip, or worn die surface radii that introduce severe asymmetrical localized friction fields.

Hardware Specific Solutions

Universal materials frame or dedicated ductility tester equipped with a 100kN hydraulic clamping sub-press and a high-resolution linear displacement transducer.

Mechanics & Specimen Behavior

Primary Mechanics

Direct mechanical ball punch stretch-forming deformation driven perpendicular to a securely constrained metallic sheet boundary until breakthrough fracture.

Specimen Details

Square blank measuring 90mm x 90mm or strip stock with a minimum width of 90mm, clean and free of surface scaling.

Mechanical Ratios & Properties

Standardized punch diameter (20mm for Erichsen type) matched to specific die clearances to force pure out-of-plane dome stretching.

Additional Commentary

ASTM E643 provides a direct, highly practical simulation of sheet metal press-forming operations, yielding a definitive index of a material’s biaxial ductility.

Pro Tip

Set the automated test termination trigger to stop the crosshead immediately upon a 5% load drop to preserve the crack morphology for fracture analysis.

Common Pitfalls

Allowing the blank-holding force to fluctuate during the test stroke, which permits material drawing and invalidates the dome height value.

Analysis & Calculation Standards

Event & Failure Detection
Blank clamping force stabilization, initial dome stretching inflection points, and catastrophic peak-load through-thickness fracture drops.
Required Calculations
Ball Punch Deformation Height (Erichsen / Olsen Value), Peak Punch Force, Total Displacement at Fracture, Failure Morphology Code.
Statistical Outputs
Lot validation reports compiling mean stretch height boundaries, standard deviation metrics, and ductile-vs-brittle fracture face classifications.
Let's Find the Right ASTM E643 Equipment for Your Application

The Newton™ 32-Bit
Difference

Typical testing system controllers rely on 24-bit resolution. Under high-accuracy flexural analysis, this creates a data phenomenon called **”stair-stepping”** or quantization error. When trying to track minor micro-deflection in rigid polymers, 24-bit electronic circuits suffer from resolution limits, dropping critical transition points during initial load curves.

Newton Characterization™ architecture utilizes a 32-bit analog-to-digital processor converter. This increases measurement fidelity by a factor of 256x, outputting 4.29 billion discrete signal thresholds. Electrical chatter is actively muted under a dedicated 100,000:1 Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR).

Simulate Signal Mode

Real-Time Continuous Sampling Simulation

Comparing standard 24-bit quantization with Newton™ 32-bit resolution

Observe the stepped resolution blocks in the legacy 24-bit curve (Red) versus the absolute **analog-smooth response curve** captured by Newton™ 32-bit architectures (Green). This fidelity is what prevents mechanical data variance during modulus evaluation.

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